{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "7fb27b941602401d91542211134fc71a",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Solar wind example (SWACE + multiple models)\n",
    "\n",
    "This notebook shows how to use `SWACE` and `read_solar_wind_from_multiple_models` with **synthetic** solar wind data. It writes small fake data files to a local folder so you can run without downloads.\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "id": "44257f7a",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(PosixPath('/PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO'),\n",
       " PosixPath('/PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_notebook_data/solar_wind'))"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 1,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from datetime import datetime, timezone\n",
    "from pathlib import Path\n",
    "\n",
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "\n",
    "from swvo.io.solar_wind import (  # noqa: E402\n",
    "    SWACE,\n",
    "    SWOMNI,\n",
    "    read_solar_wind_from_multiple_models,\n",
    ")\n",
    "from swvo.logger import setup_logging\n",
    "\n",
    "setup_logging()\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "def find_repo_root(start: Path) -> Path:\n",
    "    for candidate in [start, *start.parents]:\n",
    "        if (candidate / \"swvo\").exists():\n",
    "            return candidate\n",
    "    raise RuntimeError(\"Could not locate repo root containing 'swvo' package.\")\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "ROOT = find_repo_root(Path.cwd())\n",
    "DATA_ROOT = ROOT / \"docs\" / \"_notebook_data\" / \"solar_wind\"\n",
    "ACE_DIR = DATA_ROOT / \"ACE_RT\"\n",
    "OMNI_DIR = DATA_ROOT / \"OMNI_HIGH_RES\"\n",
    "ACE_DIR.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)\n",
    "OMNI_DIR.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)\n",
    "\n",
    "ROOT, DATA_ROOT"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "id": "e54b3871",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(PosixPath('/PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_notebook_data/solar_wind/ACE_RT/2024/11/ACE_SW_NOWCAST_20241120.csv'),\n",
       " PosixPath('/PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_notebook_data/solar_wind/OMNI_HIGH_RES/2024/OMNI_HIGH_RES_1min_202411.csv'))"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Generate synthetic ACE (processed) and OMNI files\n",
    "rng = np.random.default_rng(42)\n",
    "start = datetime(2024, 11, 20, 0, 0, tzinfo=timezone.utc)\n",
    "end = datetime(2024, 11, 20, 6, 0, tzinfo=timezone.utc)\n",
    "idx = pd.date_range(start, end, freq=\"1min\", tz=\"UTC\")\n",
    "\n",
    "ace_df = pd.DataFrame(\n",
    "    {\n",
    "        \"t\": idx,\n",
    "        \"bavg\": 5 + rng.normal(0, 0.3, len(idx)),\n",
    "        \"bx_gsm\": rng.normal(0, 1.0, len(idx)),\n",
    "        \"by_gsm\": rng.normal(0, 1.0, len(idx)),\n",
    "        \"bz_gsm\": rng.normal(0, 1.0, len(idx)),\n",
    "        \"proton_density\": 6 + rng.normal(0, 0.5, len(idx)),\n",
    "        \"speed\": 420 + rng.normal(0, 20.0, len(idx)),\n",
    "        \"temperature\": 1.2e5 + rng.normal(0, 1.0e4, len(idx)),\n",
    "    }\n",
    ")\n",
    "# Add a small gap to demonstrate model fallback\n",
    "ace_df.iloc[30:50, ace_df.columns.get_indexer([\"speed\", \"proton_density\"])] = np.nan\n",
    "Path(ACE_DIR / \"2024\" / \"11\").mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)\n",
    "ace_path = Path(ACE_DIR / \"2024\" / \"11\") / \"ACE_SW_NOWCAST_20241120.csv\"\n",
    "ace_df.to_csv(ace_path, index=False)\n",
    "\n",
    "omni_df = pd.DataFrame(\n",
    "    {\n",
    "        \"timestamp\": idx,\n",
    "        \"bavg\": 5.2 + rng.normal(0, 0.2, len(idx)),\n",
    "        \"bx_gsm\": rng.normal(0, 1.0, len(idx)),\n",
    "        \"by_gsm\": rng.normal(0, 1.0, len(idx)),\n",
    "        \"bz_gsm\": rng.normal(0, 1.0, len(idx)),\n",
    "        \"speed\": 430 + rng.normal(0, 15.0, len(idx)),\n",
    "        \"proton_density\": 6.5 + rng.normal(0, 0.4, len(idx)),\n",
    "        \"temperature\": 1.1e5 + rng.normal(0, 8.0e3, len(idx)),\n",
    "    }\n",
    ")\n",
    "omni_df[\"pdyn\"] = 2e-6 * omni_df[\"proton_density\"] * omni_df[\"speed\"] ** 2\n",
    "omni_df[\"sym-h\"] = -10 + rng.normal(0, 5.0, len(idx))\n",
    "Path(OMNI_DIR / \"2024\").mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)\n",
    "omni_path = Path(OMNI_DIR / \"2024\") / \"OMNI_HIGH_RES_1min_202411.csv\"\n",
    "omni_df.to_csv(omni_path, index=False)\n",
    "\n",
    "ace_path, omni_path"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "acae54e37e7d407bbb7b55eff062a284",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Read ACE data directly with `SWACE`\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "id": "9a63283cbaf04dbcab1f6479b197f3a8",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "\u001b[32m[INFO    ] 2026-02-11 16:15:41 - swvo.io.solar_wind.ace - ACE data directory: /PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_notebook_data/solar_wind/ACE_RT\u001b[0m\n"
     ]
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       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>bavg</th>\n",
       "      <th>bx_gsm</th>\n",
       "      <th>by_gsm</th>\n",
       "      <th>bz_gsm</th>\n",
       "      <th>file_name</th>\n",
       "      <th>proton_density</th>\n",
       "      <th>speed</th>\n",
       "      <th>temperature</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
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       "      <td>5.927986</td>\n",
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       "      <td>5.225135</td>\n",
       "      <td>-1.058536</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.922886</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.408333</td>\n",
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       "      <th>2024-11-20 00:03:00+00:00</th>\n",
       "      <td>5.282169</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.125009</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.461179</td>\n",
       "      <td>-1.398110</td>\n",
       "      <td>/PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_note...</td>\n",
       "      <td>6.758220</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2024-11-20 00:04:00+00:00</th>\n",
       "      <td>4.414689</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.481456</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.282587</td>\n",
       "      <td>-1.543625</td>\n",
       "      <td>/PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_note...</td>\n",
       "      <td>5.846717</td>\n",
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       "      <td>111491.803776</td>\n",
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      "text/plain": [
       "                               bavg    bx_gsm    by_gsm    bz_gsm  \\\n",
       "2024-11-20 00:00:00+00:00  5.091415  0.383394 -2.280738  0.061916   \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:01:00+00:00  4.688005  0.999824 -1.496639  0.110396   \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:02:00+00:00  5.225135 -1.058536 -0.922886 -0.408333   \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:03:00+00:00  5.282169 -0.125009  1.461179 -1.398110   \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:04:00+00:00  4.414689  1.481456  0.282587 -1.543625   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                                   file_name  \\\n",
       "2024-11-20 00:00:00+00:00  /PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_note...   \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:01:00+00:00  /PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_note...   \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:02:00+00:00  /PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_note...   \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:03:00+00:00  /PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_note...   \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:04:00+00:00  /PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_note...   \n",
       "\n",
       "                           proton_density       speed    temperature  \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:00:00+00:00        5.927986  381.581681  148126.492482  \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:01:00+00:00        6.145020  429.540703  102907.738961  \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:02:00+00:00        7.162890  419.988738  112616.234191  \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:03:00+00:00        6.758220  420.793871  113838.249158  \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:04:00+00:00        5.846717  439.214686  111491.803776  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "swace = SWACE(data_dir=ACE_DIR)\n",
    "ace = swace.read(start, end, download=False)\n",
    "ace.head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "8dd0d8092fe74a7c96281538738b07e2",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Read from multiple models (ACE first, OMNI fills gaps)\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "id": "72eea5119410473aa328ad9291626812",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "\u001b[32m[INFO    ] 2026-02-11 16:15:41 - swvo.io.solar_wind.ace - ACE data directory: /PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_notebook_data/solar_wind/ACE_RT\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[32m[INFO    ] 2026-02-11 16:15:41 - swvo.io.omni.omni_high_res - OMNI high resolution data directory: /PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_notebook_data/solar_wind/OMNI_HIGH_RES\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[32m[INFO    ] 2026-02-11 16:15:41 - swvo.io.solar_wind.read_solar_wind_from_multiple_models - Reading ace from 2024-11-20 00:00:00+00:00 to 2024-11-20 06:00:00+00:00\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[32m[INFO    ] 2026-02-11 16:15:41 - swvo.io.solar_wind.ace - Shiting start day by -1 day to account for propagation\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[32m[INFO    ] 2026-02-11 16:15:41 - swvo.io.utils - Percentage of NaNs in data frame: 176.45%\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[32m[INFO    ] 2026-02-11 16:15:41 - swvo.io.solar_wind.read_solar_wind_from_multiple_models - Reading omni from 2024-11-20 00:00:00+00:00 to 2024-11-20 06:00:00+00:00\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[32m[INFO    ] 2026-02-11 16:15:42 - swvo.io.utils - Percentage of NaNs in data frame: 0.00%\u001b[0m\n"
     ]
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       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>bavg</th>\n",
       "      <th>bx_gsm</th>\n",
       "      <th>by_gsm</th>\n",
       "      <th>bz_gsm</th>\n",
       "      <th>file_name</th>\n",
       "      <th>proton_density</th>\n",
       "      <th>speed</th>\n",
       "      <th>temperature</th>\n",
       "      <th>model</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2024-11-20 00:00:00+00:00</th>\n",
       "      <td>5.125716</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.397194</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.185835</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.645113</td>\n",
       "      <td>/PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_note...</td>\n",
       "      <td>7.111424</td>\n",
       "      <td>433.291040</td>\n",
       "      <td>104055.036740</td>\n",
       "      <td>omni</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2024-11-20 00:01:00+00:00</th>\n",
       "      <td>5.416470</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.332443</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.149377</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.765495</td>\n",
       "      <td>/PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_note...</td>\n",
       "      <td>6.908618</td>\n",
       "      <td>433.518934</td>\n",
       "      <td>109031.772674</td>\n",
       "      <td>omni</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2024-11-20 00:02:00+00:00</th>\n",
       "      <td>5.091603</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.817558</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.044733</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.579440</td>\n",
       "      <td>/PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_note...</td>\n",
       "      <td>6.730933</td>\n",
       "      <td>455.511891</td>\n",
       "      <td>112888.008829</td>\n",
       "      <td>omni</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2024-11-20 00:03:00+00:00</th>\n",
       "      <td>5.429651</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.421617</td>\n",
       "      <td>-1.405164</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.463445</td>\n",
       "      <td>/PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_note...</td>\n",
       "      <td>6.158006</td>\n",
       "      <td>419.974924</td>\n",
       "      <td>115729.565918</td>\n",
       "      <td>omni</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2024-11-20 00:04:00+00:00</th>\n",
       "      <td>5.308439</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.094015</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.966130</td>\n",
       "      <td>-1.852728</td>\n",
       "      <td>/PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_note...</td>\n",
       "      <td>6.560636</td>\n",
       "      <td>434.441509</td>\n",
       "      <td>109248.865388</td>\n",
       "      <td>omni</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "                               bavg    bx_gsm    by_gsm    bz_gsm  \\\n",
       "2024-11-20 00:00:00+00:00  5.125716 -0.397194  0.185835  0.645113   \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:01:00+00:00  5.416470 -0.332443  1.149377 -0.765495   \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:02:00+00:00  5.091603 -0.817558 -0.044733 -0.579440   \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:03:00+00:00  5.429651  0.421617 -1.405164 -0.463445   \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:04:00+00:00  5.308439 -0.094015  0.966130 -1.852728   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                                   file_name  \\\n",
       "2024-11-20 00:00:00+00:00  /PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_note...   \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:01:00+00:00  /PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_note...   \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:02:00+00:00  /PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_note...   \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:03:00+00:00  /PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_note...   \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:04:00+00:00  /PAGER/FLAG/code/external_data/SWVO/docs/_note...   \n",
       "\n",
       "                           proton_density       speed    temperature model  \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:00:00+00:00        7.111424  433.291040  104055.036740  omni  \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:01:00+00:00        6.908618  433.518934  109031.772674  omni  \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:02:00+00:00        6.730933  455.511891  112888.008829  omni  \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:03:00+00:00        6.158006  419.974924  115729.565918  omni  \n",
       "2024-11-20 00:04:00+00:00        6.560636  434.441509  109248.865388  omni  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 4,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "combined = read_solar_wind_from_multiple_models(\n",
    "    start_time=start,\n",
    "    end_time=end,\n",
    "    model_order=[SWACE(ACE_DIR), SWOMNI(OMNI_DIR)],\n",
    "    historical_data_cutoff_time=end,\n",
    "    download=False,\n",
    ")\n",
    "combined.head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "id": "8edb47106e1a46a883d545849b8ab81b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "application/vnd.microsoft.datawrangler.viewer.v0+json": {
       "columns": [
        {
         "name": "model",
         "rawType": "object",
         "type": "string"
        },
        {
         "name": "count",
         "rawType": "int64",
         "type": "integer"
        }
       ],
       "ref": "9f473ebd-0b7c-4792-94d2-e8b42ecef187",
       "rows": [
        [
         "ace",
         "270"
        ],
        [
         "omni",
         "91"
        ]
       ],
       "shape": {
        "columns": 1,
        "rows": 2
       }
      },
      "text/plain": [
       "model\n",
       "ace     270\n",
       "omni     91\n",
       "Name: count, dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "combined[\"model\"].value_counts(dropna=False)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "10185d26023b46108eb7d9f57d49d2b3",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Notes\n",
    "- `read_solar_wind_from_multiple_models` fills missing values by model priority.\n",
    "- In this example, ACE is preferred and OMNI fills the synthetic gaps.\n",
    "- For real data, pass `download=True` and set the environment variables in the class docs (e.g. `RT_SW_ACE_STREAM_DIR`).\n"
   ]
  }
 ],
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